To be in spanish

This verb will take you a while to understand, You need practice. don' t worry. We will work on it. But normally you need to stop thinking like english speaker and try to think as spanish. Don' t translate by the way, doesn' t work like that. Our grammar are different. The differences between ser and estar, Some people for try to understand  think of ser as the passive verb and estar as the active one. It' s not that easy but maybe help you for now to undertand. (I'm not using the terms in a grammatical sense here.) Ser tells you what something is, the nature of its being, while estar refers more to what something does. I might use soy (the first-person present of ser) to tell you what I am, but I'd use estoy(the first-person present of estar) to tell you what I am being.

This it’ s one of the most difficult part to understand for all the English Speakers, so I will give you some Examples: "Estoy enfermo." That would tell you that I am being sick, that I am sick at the moment. But it doesn't tell you what I am. Now if I were to say, "Soy enfermo," that would have a different meaning entirely. That would refer to who I am, to the nature of my being. We might translate that as "I am a sick person" or "I am sickly."

·       Estoy cansado, I am tired. Soy cansado, I am a tired person.(but doen’ t really work)

·       Estoy triste, I am sad . Soy triste, I am a sad person always (You will say better : Soy pesimista)

·       Estoy feliz, I'm happy now. Soy feliz, I am happy by nature.

·       Está callada, she's being quiet. Es callada, she's introverted (always She is quiet).

·       No soy listo, I'm not a quick thinker. No estoy listo, I'm not ready.

One way of thinking about it is to think of ser as being roughly equivalent to "equals." Another way of thinking about it is that estar often refers to a temporary condition, while ser frequently refers to a permanent condition. But there are some exceptions.

Among the major exceptions : ser (is expressions of time)  "Son(ser) las dos de la tarde" for "It's 2 p.m." Also, we use estar (someone has died -permanent condition): Está(estar)muerto, he is dead.

Usual confusion: Esta frio (It’s  cold – (something) Not for say it is cold outside) – El helado esta frio.  Along that line, estar ( indicate location). Estoy en casa, I am at home. But, soy de Puerto Rico, I am from Puerto Rico.

Some expressions that you will see when you listen a couple times: La verdura es verde, the vegetable are green. La verdura está verde, the vegetables is unripe. La comida Está muy mala , the meal tastes very bad. Note that sometimes estar is modified by an adverb such as bien rather than being followed by an adjective. Estoy bien, I'm fine.

As I mentioned earlier, both ser and estar are irregularly conjugated. Here's a chart of the present tense:

Pronombre	Ser	Estar
Yo	soy	estoy
Tú	eres	estás
Él, ella, usted	es	está
Nosotros	somos	estamos
Vosotros	sois	estáis
Ellos, ellas, ustedes	son	están